{"id":6300,"date":"2020-01-31T00:13:10","date_gmt":"2020-01-31T00:13:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/investment.com.al\/publication\/informaliteti-i-larte-i-ekonomise-dhe-perdorimi-i-ulet-i-kartave-dhe-terminaleve-bankare\/"},"modified":"2022-12-30T09:46:37","modified_gmt":"2022-12-30T09:46:37","slug":"informaliteti-i-larte-i-ekonomise-dhe-perdorimi-i-ulet-i-kartave-dhe-terminaleve-bankare","status":"publish","type":"publication","link":"https:\/\/www.investment.com.al\/sq\/publication\/informaliteti-i-larte-i-ekonomise-dhe-perdorimi-i-ulet-i-kartave-dhe-terminaleve-bankare\/","title":{"rendered":"Informaliteti i lart\u00eb i ekonomis\u00eb dhe p\u00ebrdorimi i ul\u00ebt i kartave dhe terminaleve bankare"},"content":{"rendered":"
Intervist\u00eb e Drejtores s\u00eb Sekretariatit t\u00eb KI, znj. Diana Leka n\u00eb Revist\u00ebn Bankieri.<\/h5>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Niveli i informalitetit, sidomos n\u00eb qytetet bregdetare, mbetet ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht problematik, ndaj dhe bizneset operojn\u00eb n\u00eb informalitet, e p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye, ndoshta nuk parap\u00eblqejn\u00eb t\u00eb instalojn\u00eb POS-e, p\u00ebr t\u00eb fshehur xhiron, por edhe si pjes\u00eb e konkurrenc\u00ebs s\u00eb pandershme.<\/h6>\n

Informaliteti ka qen\u00eb nj\u00eb nga shtyllat kryesore t\u00eb pun\u00ebs son\u00eb q\u00eb n\u00eb fillim, n\u00eb kuad\u00ebr t\u00eb stimulimit t\u00eb debatit mbi problematikat kryesore t\u00eb klim\u00ebs s\u00eb investimeve n\u00eb vend. Sekretariati i K\u00ebshillit t\u00eb Investimeve ka analizuar informalitetin (2015-2019) n\u00eb ekonomin\u00eb shqiptare n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi, si dhe n\u00eb sektor\u00eb t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb, si: turizmi dhe bujq\u00ebsia. Konkretisht, n\u00eb turiz\u00ebm analiza synoi t\u00eb evidentoj\u00eb n\u00eb \u00e7far\u00eb mase veprimtaria ekonomike ndikohet nga veprimtaria informale dhe evazioni fiskal, ku me \u201cekonomi informale\u201d n\u00ebnkuptohen veprimtarit\u00eb ekonomike q\u00eb p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb transaksionet monetare, q\u00eb lidhen me veprimtari ekonomike t\u00eb ligjshme, q\u00eb mbartin evazion fiskal, ose shmangie taksash. Theksoj se, pjesa kryesore e subjekteve n\u00eb turiz\u00ebm (rreth (300), q\u00eb u p\u00ebrfshin\u00eb n\u00eb analiz\u00eb ishin biznes i vog\u00ebl dhe i mes\u00ebm, kryesisht \u201cakomodim hoteleri\u201d dhe \u201cagjenci turistike\u201d. Gjat\u00eb analiz\u00ebs dhe konsultimeve u evidentua si problematik\u00eb numri i ul\u00ebt i transaksioneve me karta debiti\/krediti n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi n\u00eb vend, por specifikisht, n\u00eb zonat turistike. Problematika u perceptua fillimisht si problem nga k\u00ebndv\u00ebshtrimi i turist\u00ebve, sesa i pronar\u00ebve t\u00eb strukturave akomoduese\/restoranteve\/bareve, etj. K\u00ebshtu, turist\u00ebt kishin evidentuar raste t\u00eb munges\u00ebs s\u00eb POS-eve n\u00eb zonat turistike, duke b\u00ebr\u00eb shpesh pagesa me para\u2019 n\u00eb dor\u00eb. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb, kishte raste q\u00eb pronar\u00ebt e subjekteve ishin t\u00eb pajisur me POS-e, por ata vinin n\u00eb dukje koston e mir\u00ebmbajtjes s\u00eb tyre, p\u00ebr sa koh\u00eb q\u00eb numri i p\u00ebrdoruesve nuk ishte i lart\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Gjithashtu, Sekretariati ju referua edhe disa studimeve qe konfirmonin nj\u00eb lidhje t\u00eb drejtp\u00ebrdrejt midis nivelit t\u00eb informalitetit dhe nivelit t\u00eb ul\u00ebt t\u00eb transaksioneve, n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet mjeteve elektronike, si: POS-et2, ose pagesat n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet telefonave celular\u00eb, sidomos n\u00eb sektor\u00ebt e tregtis\u00eb dhe sh\u00ebrbimeve. Kjo, p\u00ebr faktin se pagesat me para\u2019 n\u00eb dor\u00eb, nuk l\u00ebn\u00eb asnj\u00eb gjurm\u00eb dhe mund\u00ebsojn\u00eb shmangien e raportimit t\u00eb tyre, si pjes\u00eb e xhiros, duke u b\u00ebr\u00eb nj\u00eb nga shkaqet e ekonomis\u00eb s\u00eb fshehur dhe shmangieve tatimore n\u00eb turiz\u00ebm. Nga ana tjet\u00ebr, edhe numri dhe p\u00ebrdorimi i kartave t\u00eb debitit dhe kreditit nga popullata mbetet ende m\u00eb i ul\u00ebti n\u00eb rajon. Po k\u00ebshtu, u analizuan edhe t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat zyrtare nga Banka e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, ku rezultoi se, numri i p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm i terminaleve POS n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, deri n\u00eb fund vitin 2018, ishte vet\u00ebm 8.726, nga t\u00eb cilat 7.259 ndodheshin n\u00eb qarkun e Tiran\u00ebs. N\u00eb tremujorin e tret\u00eb t\u00eb 2019-\u00ebs, numri i p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm i terminaleve POS u rrit n\u00eb 10.837, por mbetet ende m\u00eb i ul\u00ebti n\u00eb rajon.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb kontekst, rekomanduam nj\u00eb analiz\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb thelluar t\u00eb problemit, edhe n\u00eb kuad\u00ebr t\u00eb globalizimit dhe krahasimit me vendet e rajonit, por edhe n\u00eb perspektiv\u00ebn e rolit t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm q\u00eb ka edukimi i gjith\u00ebp\u00ebrfshirjes
\nfinanciare n\u00eb ekonomi.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Arsyet e p\u00ebrdorimit ende t\u00eb ul\u00ebt t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre instrumenteve n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri. Niveli i ul\u00ebt i p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre instrumenteve nga biznesi, sidomos ai i vog\u00ebl dhe i mes\u00ebm, lidhet me kostot, procedurat dhe qasjen e kufizuar n\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimet bankare. Niveli i informalitetit, sidomos n\u00eb qytetet bregdetare, mbetet ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht problematik, ndaj dhe bizneset operojn\u00eb n\u00eb informalitet, e p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye, ndoshta nuk parap\u00eblqejn\u00eb t\u00eb instalojn\u00eb POS-e, p\u00ebr t\u00eb fshehur xhiron, por edhe si pjes\u00eb e konkurrenc\u00ebs s\u00eb pandershme. Kjo gjendje po ndryshon disi, meqen\u00ebse sektori \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb rritje dhe nj\u00eb sh\u00ebrbim i till\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00eb e koh\u00ebs, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht n\u00eb turiz\u00ebm, ku turist\u00ebt e huaj k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb standard.
    \nNga pik\u00ebpamja sektoriale, ndon\u00ebse strategjik p\u00ebr vendin, turizmi apo bujq\u00ebsia, mbeten sezonale, e p\u00ebr rrjedhoj\u00eb, subjektet (ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht t\u00eb vogla e t\u00eb mesme) konsiderojn\u00eb kostot e mundshme t\u00eb k\u00ebtij sh\u00ebrbimi bankar. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb, Shqip\u00ebria mbetet nj\u00eb destinacion i ri turistik, me sfid\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u2019u pozicionuar n\u00eb tregun bot\u00ebror. Ndaj, dinamikat e fundit t\u00eb analizuara nga KI, por jo vet\u00ebm, evidentojn\u00eb potenciale t\u00eb rritjes se k\u00ebrkes\u00ebs, por duhet t\u00eb analizohen me \u201ck\u00ebrkes\u00ebn p\u00ebr cil\u00ebsi\u201d dhe konkurrueshm\u00ebri, edhe nga ana e k\u00ebrkes\u00ebs. Kuptimi i ve\u00e7orive t\u00eb sektorit nga ana e ofert\u00ebs, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb edhe at\u00eb t\u00eb pagesave me kart\u00eb, mbeten mjaft t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme, duke qen\u00eb se shum\u00eb nga sfidat q\u00eb ka sektori sot lidhen me struktur\u00ebn dhe cil\u00ebsin\u00eb e ofert\u00ebs, pavar\u00ebsisht zhvillimeve t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme n\u00eb sektor.<\/li>\n
  2. Disa nga masat q\u00eb duhen marr\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb nxitur p\u00ebrdorimin e k\u00ebtyre instrumenteve. Sigurisht, sistemi i pagesave \u00ebsht\u00eb pjes\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme e infrastruktur\u00ebs financiare t\u00eb vendit dhe lidhet me nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb faktor\u00ebsh, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb institucionet, rregullat, apo dhe standardet q\u00eb mund\u00ebsojn\u00eb nd\u00ebrveprimet nga ana financiare, ku mb\u00ebshtetja ndaj NMV-ve n\u00eb sektor\u00ebt prioritar\u00eb k\u00ebrkon fokus t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb kontekst, n\u00eb kuad\u00ebr dhe t\u00eb formalizimit t\u00eb ekonomis\u00eb, nd\u00ebrhyrja nuk duhet t\u00eb jete me politika t\u00eb pjesshme, por e integruar me bashk\u00ebpunim t\u00eb aktor\u00ebve kryesor\u00eb: qeveri, bank\u00eb qendrore, sektor bankar, por dhe vet subjektet private, q\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb interesuara p\u00ebr konkurrenc\u00ebn e ndershme, pasi \u201cinformaliteti i lart\u00eb sjell informalitet\u201d. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb kartave bankare, si mjet pagese, theksi duhet t\u00eb vendoset n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi te qasja e ul\u00ebt\/kufizuar n\u00eb sh\u00ebrbime financiare t\u00eb bizneseve dhe individ\u00ebve, p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb pranis\u00eb s\u00eb kufizuar t\u00eb bankave, numrit t\u00eb ul\u00ebt t\u00eb POS-eve, kostove t\u00eb larta administrative dhe atyre t\u00eb mir\u00ebmbajtjes, lidhur me llogarit\u00eb bankare dhe munges\u00ebn e marrjes p\u00ebrsip\u00ebr nga BANKAT t\u00eb ndonj\u00eb rreziku, q\u00eb lidhet me financimin n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi dhe nxitjen e p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb instrumenteve t\u00eb pages\u00ebs, n\u00eb ve\u00e7anti.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Nga ana tjet\u00ebr, duhet rritur aksesi i popullat\u00ebs dhe biznesit n\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimet bankare, n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet edukimit financiar dhe rritjes s\u00eb besimit te sektori bankar, e nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht duhet rritur transparenca e bankave mbi kostot e sh\u00ebrbimeve dhe t\u00eb kartave, e n\u00eb ve\u00e7anti t\u00eb mund t\u00eb rivler\u00ebsohen komisionet bankare mbi pajisjen dhe mir\u00ebmbajtja e k\u00ebtyre instrumenteve. Gjithashtu, nevojitet bashk\u00ebrendim i masave anti-informalitet dhe ato q\u00eb nxisin formalizimin vullnetar midis Ministris\u00eb s\u00eb Financave & Ekonomis\u00eb dhe Bank\u00ebs s\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, si p.sh.: inkurajimi i p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb kartave n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet instrumenteve fiskale dhe n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb, afrimi i sh\u00ebrbimeve bankare me pran\u00eb bizneseve, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht atyre t\u00eb vogla. S\u00eb fundi, K\u00ebshilli i Investimeve do t\u00eb rekomandonte q\u00eb: Inkurajimi i pagesave p\u00ebrmes p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb POS-eve dhe pagesave elektronike do t\u00eb ndikonin n\u00eb nivelin e lart\u00eb t\u00eb ekonomis\u00eb s\u00eb fsheht\u00eb n\u00eb veprimtarin\u00eb e turizmit, ato do t\u00eb rrisnin pajtueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e biznesit me tatimet dhe do t\u00eb kontribuonin ndjesh\u00ebm n\u00eb rritjen e transparenc\u00ebs dhe reputacionit t\u00eb ofert\u00ebs shqiptare n\u00eb turiz\u00ebm, sidomos p\u00ebr t\u00eb huajt. M\u00ebnyrat e p\u00ebrballimit t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj sfide duhet t\u00eb jen\u00eb objekt diskutimi t\u00eb m\u00ebtejsh\u00ebm me Bank\u00ebn e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, bankat tregtare dhe Ministrin\u00eb
    \ns\u00eb Financave & Ekonomis\u00eb, me q\u00ebllim gjetjen e nj\u00eb zgjidhjeje t\u00eb pranueshme dhe shmangien e kostove shtes\u00eb p\u00ebr bizneset, sidomos p\u00ebr mikro-bizneset. Praktika nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare ofron disa masa q\u00eb mund t\u00eb ndiqen. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 sa m\u00eb sip\u00ebr, zbatimi n\u00eb praktik\u00eb i rregullave mbi kategorizimin dhe klasifikimin e strukturave akomoduese, sipas dispozitave t\u00eb dekretit Nr.730 dat\u00eb 20.10.2016 t\u00eb K\u00ebshillit t\u00eb Ministrave: \u201cP\u00ebr miratimin e rregullores p\u00ebr kushtet, kriteret, tarifat, afatet dhe procedur\u00ebn p\u00ebr klasifikimin e strukturave t\u00eb akomodimit\u201d, t\u00eb cilat e b\u00ebjn\u00eb t\u00eb detyruesh\u00ebm p\u00ebrdorimin e terminaleve POS n\u00eb hotele\/resorte me 4 dhe 5 yje, do t\u00eb ndihmonin n\u00eb formalizim.<\/p>\n

    Shkarko n\u00eb pdf.<\/p>\n

    Intervist\u00eb e Drejtores s\u00eb Sekretariatit t\u00eb KI, znj. Diana Leka n\u00eb Revist\u00ebn Bankieri Nr. 34 (janar 2020)<\/a><\/h5>\n

     <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Intervist\u00eb e Drejtores s\u00eb Sekretariatit t\u00eb KI, znj. Diana Leka n\u00eb Revist\u00ebn Bankieri. Niveli i informalitetit, sidomos n\u00eb qytetet bregdetare, mbetet ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht problematik, ndaj dhe bizneset operojn\u00eb n\u00eb informalitet, e p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye, ndoshta nuk parap\u00eblqejn\u00eb t\u00eb instalojn\u00eb POS-e, p\u00ebr t\u00eb fshehur xhiron, por edhe si pjes\u00eb e konkurrenc\u00ebs s\u00eb pandershme. Informaliteti ka qen\u00eb nj\u00eb […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6274,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[67],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6300","publication","type-publication","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-publikime-2020"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.investment.com.al\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication\/6300","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.investment.com.al\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.investment.com.al\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/publication"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.investment.com.al\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.investment.com.al\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication\/6300\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6301,"href":"https:\/\/www.investment.com.al\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication\/6300\/revisions\/6301"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.investment.com.al\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6274"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.investment.com.al\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6300"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.investment.com.al\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6300"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.investment.com.al\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6300"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}